Ransomware is a type of malicious software (malware) that encrypts files or locks systems, demanding a ransom payment in exchange for restoring access. Attackers often use phishing emails, malicious links, or software vulnerabilities to spread ransomware.

1. Isolate Infected Devices: Disconnect affected systems from the network to prevent spread.

2. Assess the Damage: Determine which files and systems are impacted.

3. Avoid Paying the Ransom: Paying does not guarantee file recovery and may encourage further attacks.

4. Report the Attack: Notify law enforcement and cybersecurity agencies.

5. Restore from Backups: Use clean backups to recover data.

6. Engage Security Experts: Cybersecurity professionals can help assess and remove ransomware.

• Regular Backups: Maintain frequent, immutable backups stored offline or in the cloud with versioning.

• Patch & Update Systems: Keep operating systems, applications, and security software updated.

• Email Security: Train employees to recognize phishing emails and avoid clicking suspicious links.

• Endpoint Protection: Use next-gen antivirus and endpoint detection & response (EDR) solutions.

• Network Segmentation: Limit access to critical systems to reduce attack impact.

• Zero Trust Security Model: Restrict access based on user verification and device security status.

Yes, depending on the type of ransomware. Security tools and decryption keys from cybersecurity organizations may help recover files. However, some advanced ransomware variants use strong encryption that is nearly impossible to break without the decryption key.

Yes. Paying ransoms funds cybercriminals and may be illegal in some jurisdictions if linked to sanctioned groups. Authorities advise against paying, as it does not guarantee data recovery.

A multi-layered security approach is key. Implement strong cybersecurity policies, conduct regular security training, maintain immutable backups, and stay informed about evolving ransomware tactics.